Validations & Transformations
How controllers check and reshape incoming data before it reaches business logic, why the backend must never trust the frontend, and where each step fits in the MVC flow.

How controllers check and reshape incoming data before it reaches business logic, why the backend must never trust the frontend, and where each step fits in the MVC flow.

From wax seals to OAuth: how backends verify who a user is and control what they can do, using sessions, JWTs, API keys, OAuth/OIDC, and RBAC.
